Jurnal Teknik Mesin Indonesia

Analisis keausan slewing gear 242-UB1 area unit ship unloader PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk

Fikry Fikry Alvianto Kurniawan — 2024-04-01

Ship Unloader is a unit of equipment to move materials from marine units to other units related to the production process by performing travel movements by slewing gear components. The problem of damage in the slewing gear began after inspecting and replacing components. The gear tooth on the slewing gear experiences abnormal wear. This study aims to analyze the wear of the slewing gear component 242-UB1 in the Ship Unloader unit area at PT Solusi Bangun Indonesia Tbk. The research methods are field surveys, data collection, and fishbone diagrams. Research materials and tools include dial indicator, filler gauge, lead wire, slewing gear components, and vernier calliper. Data was obtained from monitoring the unit and equipment with RCA analysis. The analysis showed that backlash was a significant contributing factor to wear with the worst value of 2.0 mm. In addition, the percentage of wear on the top gear reached 25%, which means it has reached the red zone limit. How to reduce potential wear due to backlash by regular monitoring of the backlash gap online through sensors. In conclusion, the study revealed that component wear is closely related to the backlash phenomenon. In addressing this issue, regular monitoring, timely repairs, and selection of appropriate materials and lubricants are considered as measures that can reduce wear potential and increase component life.

Pengendalian cacat tuang produk cor aluminium ADC 12 gravity-die-casting: Studi kasus di PT Sinar Mulia Teknalum

Noor Setyo — 2024-04-01

Casting defects in cast products will always appear due to the unexpected presence of the X Factor in every casting process. Casting experts can only minimize the appearance of casting defects by carrying out controls starting from the product design process, process design, pattern, mold, melting, and casting to obtain cast products that have quality standards that are free from casting defects. This case study aims to determine the quality control methods carried out by the metal casting industry PT Sinar Mulia Teknalum in overcoming casting defects in ADC 12 Gravity-Die-Casting aluminium alloy cast products, namely adapters, knobs, break drums, and cigarette rolling bases which have shrinkage defects, porosity, mis-run, porous and other types of defects. Quality control for casting defects is carried out in four stages continuously using a solution method that is also a problem solver to Plan, Do, Check, and Action (PDCA) quality control and supporting Seven Tools as a quality control tool. The process of observing casting defects is carried out visually (sight), based on initial data before control is carried out, the product has casting defects of 51.16% shrinkage, 27.91% porosity, 11.63% mis-run, 6.98% porousness, and other defects below 2.33%. Casting defects occur due to the influence of human factors, tools, materials, methods, and environment. After recommendations from the quality control team, corrective steps are taken for each cause of casting defects. Overall casting defects experienced a total interconnected decrease of 29.07%, which included 9.30% shrinkage, 6.98% porosity, 6.98% mis-run, 4.65% porousness, and other defects as much as 1.16%. This reduction in casting defects can be seen as a guide or reference for the work of the PDCA cycle in overcoming casting defects on an ongoing basis in the future.

Rancang bangun angle pad sebagai alat bantu asah pahat bubut untuk menunjang pembelajaran praktik pemesinan di universitas negeri surabaya

Ali Hasbi Ramadani — 2024-04-01

In the process of working lathe chisels, students still find it difficult to form tool geometry that is in accordance with standards (chips angle, free angle, and incision angle). Therefore, it is necessary to design an angle pad as a tool to sharpen lathe chisels to support practical learning in the Production Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, Universitas Negeri Surabaya, so that students can understand and be competent in sharpening lathe chisels. The research method used is development, the research method carried out is development research focused on the stages of angle pad design starting from design to function tests and assessments from several experts. The results of this study, in the form of an angle pad that has been tested and has been validated by experts, the results of tests carried out to hone single-cut lathe chisels, the most basic tool angles are rake angle, clearance angle, and cutting edge angle, from the trials carried out produce precise angles on the right flat tool and metric thread tool 60⁰. The validation results from experts related to making angle pads have a value of 93.33 (very decent category).

Rancang bangun alat cutting wire dengan kontrol CNC untuk meningkatkan tingkat presisi dan efisiensi bahan baku menggunakan software max 3

Sigit Widiyanto — 2024-04-01

The CNC machine is a development of a conventional machine tool, in which control changes from manual to automatic, by following a program that has been made. There are many types of tools for cutting wire, and some even still use simple tools and operate manually. What will be discussed in this study is a method with several stages including finding the cutting force, material diameter, pneumatic cylinder diameter to be used, required motor power, tension in the frame and welding joints. In this design, the material to be processed is copper wire with a tensile strength of 200 N⁄mm², the cutting force to be used is 402 N, with a pneumatic cylinder diameter of 44 mm (used is 50 mm size), the motor power used is 0.039 kW or 39 W (the power of the motor is 48 W), the shaft to be used is 6.3 mm in diameter, the connection to be used is in the form of a threaded thread with type M4 said to be safe because Sf on the thread is 6 (< 11.17), the frame material to be used is SS400 iron, it is said to be safe because on the pillar frame (1) is 0.047 N)⁄mm² (< 39.2 N⁄mm²), and for the sectional frame (2) is 0.774 N⁄mm² (< 40.18 N⁄mm²), the connection using welding is said to be safe because in the frame (1) is 6.96 N⁄mm² (< 91.63 N⁄mm²), and in frame welding (2) is 0.0469 N⁄mm² (< 91.63 N⁄mm²).

Sintesis polianilin (PANi) dengan metode polimerisasi interfasial sebagai bahan dasar pembuatan sensor gas amonia (NH3)

Neny Rasnyanti M Aras — 2024-04-01

One of the main components in IoT-based devices is sensors. Polyaniline is a conductive polymer that has great potential to be developed as an active layer for chemical sensors because it has high sensitivity, is easy to synthesize and its electrical conductivity can be adjusted. This study aims to synthesize and characterize polyaniline using the interfacial polymerization method. In this study, polyaniline was synthesized by varying the aniline concentration of 2, 3, and 5 M, then its functional groups were characterized using FTIR and its conductivity and sensitivity were measured with an LCR meter. The result shows that polyaniline is in the form of emeraldine salt which is characterized by the formation of absorption bands at concentrations of 2, 3, and 5 M, respectively, 1,141.86 cm^-1, 1,139 cm^-1 and 1,139.93 cm^-1. The highest conductivity was obtained at a concentration of 2 M, namely 4.9x10^-5and a sensitivity of 82.8% for an ammonia concentration of 100 ppm. So it can be concluded that the polyaniline obtained is a form of semiconducting emeraldine salt.

Rancang bangun rangka alat uji torsi sederhana berbasis eddy current menggunakan roller conveyor

Alfianto Herakarsono — 2024-04-01

Testing the torque of a motorized vehicle, especially two-wheeled motorized vehicles (motorcycles), often requires equipment that is considered expensive and difficult to access on a small laboratory scale. However, the torque test is considered important to find out how a motorbike works using certain fuels, for example widely used fuel mixtures such as gasoline mixed with certain vegetable oils, to find alternative fuels. Therefore, a simple torque test tool is needed that can be designed and used as a preliminary study of alternative fuels. In this study, designed a simple eddy current-based torque test frame with a roller conveyor. Before the frame is formed, the frame design is outlined using the student version of ANSYS software to study the loading characteristics and promises. The simulation results show that the frame design can be used with a loading force of 294 N in the eddy current area and 981 N in the roller area. The frame was then manufactured using hollow iron measuring 4x6 cm with ASTM A500 material type. This research has succeeded in designing and producing a simple eddy current-based torque test frame using a roller conveyor.

Optimalisasi produktivitas pengupasan biji kopi melalui modifikasi mesin pengupas

Ahmad Nurul Muttaqin — 2024-04-01

The aim of this research is to modify the coffee bean husking machine to enhance the quality and efficiency of the husking process. The modifications include the addition of a spring mechanism in the grinding space, enabling the outer roller to move flexibly in accordance with the size of the entering coffee beans. Furthermore, these changes also consider reducing the percentage of broken coffee beans during the husking process. The machine underwent two rounds of testing, with three samples tested under two different drying conditions. The research results demonstrate the success of the modifications in achieving their objectives. The machine's capability to husk coffee beans up to the parchment layer, not just the husk, indicates an improvement in the quality of the husking process. The quantity of successfully husked coffee beans also increased, while the percentage of broken beans decreased. By enhancing the quality and quantity of coffee beans produced by this machine, the modifications can significantly benefit coffee farmers. Additionally, this study utilized Autodesk Fusion 360 software to enable virtual assembly of machine components before physical production. The outcomes of the virtual assembly aided in understanding the machine's functionality and the interactions among its components. Therefore, the modifications to the coffee bean husking machine have assisted coffee farmers in producing higher-quality beans and expediting the coffee processing process.

Pengembangan data logger berbasis mikrokontroler untuk praktikum pindah panas

Rustam Efendi — 2024-04-01

The development of an Arduino Mega 2560-based data logger using the Adafruit AD8495 signal amplifier (connected to a type K thermocouple) is an effort to create an effective and affordable temperature monitoring tool. These sensors are used in various studies involving temperature measurements above and below 0°C. The project aims to design and implement a data logger capable of retrieving temperature data with high accuracy using an Adafruit AD8495 signal amplifier connected to a K-type thermocouple sensor, converting voltage values into readable temperatures, and storing the data in an easy-to-analyze format. This data logger is equipped with the ability to store temperature data on the SD card, allowing monitoring for a longer period of time without having to be continuously connected to a monitoring device. The research method involved the use of Arduino Mega 2560, five pieces of Adafruit AD8495 signal amplifier (connected to type K thermocouple), data logger shield, and other supporting components. The program code is created using the Arduino IDE to operate the temperature data logger. The result of this research is a prototype of a temperature data logger that can be used for various practicum applications and research in the field of temperature, especially in the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory. At an affordable cost, it can provide real-time temperature data with high accuracy, making it a reliable tool for a wide range of purposes. These data loggers have great potential to be used in temperature monitoring in a wide range of applications, from heat transfer research to industrial control.

Perancangan mesin classifier dengan ukuran mikron untuk pemisahan dan penyaringan bahan baku semen

Barnabas Satria Wibawa — 2024-04-01

High-quality cement is a key factor in good infrastructure. The demand for cement increased rapidly from 54 million tons in 2012 to 84 million tons in 2017, due to the growing infrastructure sector. In 2022, domestic cement consumption increased by 7.6%. Based on this data, the essential need for cement is on the rise. One of the efforts to enhance cement production is by optimizing raw material processing to produce high-quality cement. The objective of this study is to design a vibrating screen classifier machine for processing raw cement materials. The use of this machine aims to separate and filter the particle sizes of raw materials that have been processed by the crusher, thus sorting the raw materials to the desired sizes. This machine utilizes carbon steel 1020 and 316 Stainless steel materials, then analyzes the structural strength of the machine frame. In this research, modeling is done using SolidWorks 2019 software, and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is conducted using ANSYS 2022 software. Mathematical equations include machine element calculations, flow capacity, and applied loads. Static analysis performed includes Von mises stress, displacement, and safety factor. The analysis results indicate that the maximum Von mises stress value is 53,865 MPa, the maximum total deformation is 2,1649 mm, and the safety factor minimum is 4,6804 above 3, confirming that the designed classifier machine is considered as safe.

Sistem monitoring tegangan, arus, dan suhu pada unit alat berat berbasis internet of things di PT Armada Hada Graha

Andhiko Yerintra Djafniel Yudanur — 2024-04-01

Heavy equipment needs batteries to run their systems such as starters, lights, and other electrical components. The problem that often occurs is that the operator does not know and rarely monitors the condition of the battery. Based on these problems, a monitoring system for voltage, current, and battery temperature was made on the Internet of Things-based heavy equipment unit. This tool uses the NodeMCU V3 board and Arduino Uno as a microcontroller. The sensors used are voltage sensors, current sensors, and temperature sensors. The step-down function is to reduce the 12 V battery voltage to 3.3 V – 5 V for power supply to the microcontroller. Real time clock is selected as the source of time data in this system. The firebase server is selected for the process of receiving data to be more practical through its features and the received data is stored in a spreadsheet. Supporting data display on this system uses an LCD and MIT APP Inventor software, where data is displayed in a face-to-face application. The test results show that the reading of the voltage value by the sensor has an average error of 0.43%, the reading of the current value by the sensor has an average error of 4%, the reading of the temperature value by the sensor has an average error of 0.05%, the average of sending data sending time using the NodeMCU V3 board to be recorded on a spreadsheet is 11.23 seconds, and the results of the comparison of the data on the spreadsheet and the LCD in the three units show that there is no difference.

Analisis keseragaman kolektor surya pelat datar glazed dan unglazed

Rustam Efendi — 2024-04-01

Solar collectors, as a means of converting solar energy into thermal energy, are the focus of this study. Two types of solar collectors used, namely glazed flat plates (KSPDG) and unglazed flat plates (KSPDU), are tested to evaluate uniformity of performance. The study was conducted using a testing setup that included a tank, water pump, thermocouple, flowmeter, anemometer, and pyranometer. Uniformity testing is performed by analyzing inlet temperature, outlet temperature, ambient temperature, and solar irradiation during 8 hours of testing. Test results show that both types of solar collectors show similar trends in performance, with increases in water temperature aligned with increased solar irradiation. Statistical analysis shows a similar level of uniformity between KSPDU I and KSPDU II, as well as between KSPDG I, KSPDG II, and KSPDG III.

Rancang bangun mesin pencetak bakso berbasis pneumatik

Widya Sinta Mustika — 2024-04-01

The conventional process of printing meatballs using hands and spoons is considered less efficient in the production process both in quality and quantity. Meanwhile, commercially available meatball printing machines are bulky and complicated to use. Therefore, the design of a meatball making machine that has smaller dimensions can be developed at a more affordable price. This research began by designing a meatball printing machine using the SolidWorks software, with a frame design made of U-profile iron, meatball containers made of stainless steel cylinders, and packaging boxes for the electrical system from the relay. In the operation of the meatball molding machine, pneumatic is used as a drive system with a time delay relay to control the time for cutting the meatball dough. The manufacture of this machine produces a pneumatic-based meatball molding machine with constant pressure, with an automatic system using a time delay relay of 2 seconds for cutting forward and 0.2 seconds for cutting backward. From testing the machine applying a mass of 2.5 kg meatball dough, 192 meatballs were obtained, with a processing time of 7 minutes 29 seconds, with a remaining dough mass of 4 ounces, and an average meatball diameter of 24.95 mm.

Studi eksperimental kinerja mesin TV-1 (engine research test) berbahan bakar campuran diesel-biodiesel

Muhammad Iskandar Musa — 2024-04-01

This research is a laboratory experimental research that uses research testing machines. Using biodiesel fuel, a mixture of oil and diesel fuel. The composition of the biodiesel mixture used in this research was B35, B40, and B50 into diesel fuel in millilitres (ml). Tests were carried out by varying the load and compression ratio (CR), namely loads of 3 kg, 5 kg, 8 kg, and compression ratios of 14, 16, and 18. Data collection used observation techniques using tables to record the study results obtained. By using descriptive analysis techniques in the form of graphs and tables to make it easier to find out the study results. The results of the study from the engine performance research tests obtained were that performance increased with increasing loading at low compression ratios with the addition of biodiesel to diesel fuel, while at high compression ratios, the greatest power was obtained from B35 mixed fuel. However, the lowest fuel consumption in the mixture composition is the B35 mixture. Meanwhile, the lowest emission density opacity obtained was in the mixture of B35 and B40 biodiesel.

Unjuk kerja furnace menggunakan kawat kanthal A1

Gita Suryani Lubis — 2024-04-01

In the metal heating process, a tool is needed that can help the heat treatment process, namely a furnace where there is a space inside to warm up the workpiece to a certain temperature and hold it for a certain time interval. In this study, the furnace design was carried out using Autodesk Fusion 360 software, while the manufacture of the furnace uses several components such as A1 kanthal wire as a heating element, SK34 refractory brick, and Castabel C16 cement which is used as a heat retaining material. Performance analysis is carried out by calculating the speed of reaching the maximum temperature that can be achieved, the time required to reach the maximum temperature, and energy consumption. Based on the results of design and calculation, a furnace with external dimensions of 40x30x40 cm and heating chamber dimensions of 18x18x18 cm was produced. Furnace trials were carried out by melting aluminium material where the melting point of the material in its pure state is 660^oC. Further tests carried out show that the maximum temperature that can be reached is 700^oC, while the time required to reach that temperature is 50 minutes with an energy consumption of 2,404.6 Watts.

Metode kerja pengujian bending hasil pengelasan pipa dengan metode SMAW elektroda E7018 standar ASTM D790

Samuel Febriary Khristyson — 2024-04-01

Bending testing is one way of testing welding results or materials which are included in destructive testing. Selection of decisions in determining the choice of the sequence of process methods can indicate the level of accuracy and effectiveness of an activity. The purpose of this study was to find out the criteria for work methods for testing the results of welding on pipes with a hydraulic press in the Welding and Ship Construction Education and Research Laboratory, Industrial Technology Department, Vocational School, Diponegoro University, Semarang. An alternative method with a rational approach to find out the criteria for each function of the testing process is presented in this study. The highest alternative value, 80%, is in the first preference where the second alternative method is used as a reference with 2 practitioners and an average usage time of 75 minutes. So that the selection of function parameters as seen from the aspects of function, economy, and time used can be adjusted to the usefulness of the work equipment in the laboratory.

Pengaruh jenis coolant terhadap efektivitas sistem pendingin mesin mobil avanza tipe 1.3 E MT tahun 2017

Ricki Azhari Pohan — 2024-04-01

Technological developments are increasing day by day in the automotive world. The use of vehicles is always accompanied by fuel, where the fuel is used in the combustion process in the cylinder which will cause heat in the engine. The engine temperature must be stabilized with the cooling system to produce optimal engine performance. If the heat does not get good cooling, it will cause changes in the mechanical properties and the shape of the engine components. The nature and components of the machine when it has changed will cause the engine components to be disrupted and reduce the service life of a machine. This study used an experimental method, while the analysis method used a one-factor variation analysis processing by varying the three types of water coolant with rpm variations of 1000, 1500, 2000, and 2300. Measurements were made by measuring the temperature at the inlet and outlet temperatures of the radiator. The variables used in the study these are the heat transfer rate, the overall heat coefficient, and the effectiveness of the fluid.

Pengaruh kerapatan briket campuran tempurung kelapa dan bonggol jagung terhadap kinerja kompor biomassa

Risky Khusaini — 2024-04-21

The potential of biomass energy in Indonesia that can be used as an energy source is 146.7 tons per year. One of the renewable energy and its abundance is biomass, namely by making briquettes using a biomass stove. the purpose of this study is to determine the effect of coconut shell and corn stalk briquette speed on biomass stove performance. This test uses of variety of briquette felts, namely 1, 3, and 5 kg. The results showed that the density at pressures of 1, 3, and 5 kg produced densities of 0.843 g/cm³, 0.905 g/cm³, and 1.032 g/cm³. The difference in density affects the performance of the best felt pressure biomass stove at a pressure of 5 kg.

Analisis pengaruh sudut blade L terhadap performa turbin angin savonius-darrieus menggunakan computational fluida dynamic (CFD)

Bagus Kurniasandy — 2024-04-21

The Savonius-Darrieus turbine is a vertical axis wind turbine which has a shaft arranged perpendicularly parallel to the wind direction, so that it can receive wind from all directions. This research was conducted by modifying the L-shaped blade angle with variations in the angle of curvature of the turbine blade as many as 3 angle variations, namely 10⁰, 20⁰, and 30⁰ respectively, also simulating wind turbines using the CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) method with a variable wind speed of 2 m/s, 2.1 m/s, 2.4 m/s, and 2.5 m/s. From the graph of the relationship between wind speed and maximum velocity, and the graph of the relationship between wind speed and maximum pressure, it can be seen that a 30° blade angle wind turbine has the highest maximum velocity value with a value of 4,387 m/s^-1 at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s. A 20° blade angle wind turbine has the highest max velocity value with a value of 4,288 m/s^-1 at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s. A 10° blade angle wind turbine has the highest maximum velocity value with a value of 4,280 m/s^-1 at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s. The 30° blade angle wind turbine has the highest maximum pressure value with a value of 4.111 Pa at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s. A blade angle wind turbine of 20° has the highest maximum pressure value with a value of 4.795 Pa at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s. The 10° blade angle wind turbine has the highest maximum pressure value with a value of 4.105 Pa at a wind speed of 2.5 m/s.

Perhitungan efektivitas kondensor unit 2 di PLTU pelabuhan tarahan 2x8 MW

Eko Sulistiyo — 2024-04-23

The condenser plays an important role in cooling the steam coming out of the turbine and turning it into condensate water again. However, there are several factors that can influence the effectiveness of the condenser, such as the NTU (Number of Transfer Unit) value, vacuum pressure and cooling water temperature, so they can have a significant impact on condenser performance and the overall working efficiency of the PLTU. This research was carried out at the Tarahan Harbor 2x8 MW PLTU. The aim of this research was to determine the influence and correlation of the NTU (Number of Transfer Units), vacuum pressure, and inlet cooling water temperature on the effectiveness of the condenser at the PLTU. This research method is quantitative, the research technique uses interviews, observation and documentation. The analysis used in this research uses multiple linear analysis. The research results show that the NTU (Number of Transfer Units) value has little influence on condenser effectiveness with an R-squared value of 0.24. Where the higher the NTU (Number of Transfer Units) value, the lower the condenser's effectiveness. Apart from that, vacuum pressure affects the effectiveness of the condenser with an R-squared value of 0.74. The higher the vacuum pressure (the more negative it is), the effectiveness of the condenser will increase. Meanwhile, the cooling water inlet temperature has no effect on the effectiveness of the condenser with an R-squared value of 0.09 because there are several parameters or other factors that influence the effectiveness of the condenser, such as cooling water circulation, pipe cleanliness, and the cleanliness of the condenser itself.